PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.